Pixel Scroll 2/2/25 Don Simpson And The Escaped Typos

(1) FANTASY TAKES CENTER STAGE. The Guardian’s “Bookmarks” newsletter says, “Fantasy appears to be having a ‘moment’ (quite a long one as it happens)”

“Increasingly fantasy has moved more from the fringes towards the centre”, with a rise in writers operating in the genre, says Irenosen Okojie, who founded the afrofuturist festival Black to the Future and whose books include Curandera.

Why is the genre thriving? Readers “need escapism right now in ways that truly speak to our imagination”, says Okojie, and they “like these richly imaginative worlds that explore our lived experiences in dynamic, transformative ways”. Fantasy is also “invested in projecting how worlds different from our own might flourish”, says Matthew Sangster, a professor of romantic studies, fantasy and cultural history at the University of Glasgow.

However, even though the “success of the likes of George RR Martin and Nnedi Okorafor” show fantasy is a “thriving space”, says Okojie, it “always has been”: look at the likes of Ursula K Le Guin and Samuel R Delany.

George Sandison, managing editor at Titan Books – which publishes VE Schwab and Veronica Roth – agrees. Though he often hears that a particular genre is “having a moment”, when it comes to fantasy, he feels as though “that moment has lasted my entire career in fiction, my entire life before that, and for the countless generations required to produce all the work that lit up my brain as a child!”

Fantasy “is arguably at the root of all literature”, he says – even Virginia Woolf. Every work of fiction “imagines a whole new reality”, fantasy “just has a lot more fun with those mental images, turning them into dragons and talking cats, giving them magic powers, and breaking them free of our planet’s geography”. He sees the publishing industry’s categorisations of fantasy as simply telling readers what metaphors and tropes to expect, “to try to sell more books”….

(2) CTHULHU IS ON THE LINE. Christopher Lockett, in “China Miéville and the Banality of Weird”, has a Lovecraft quote from almost a century ago that is still capable of launching discussions:

…Once again, the best articulation of this premise is the opening paragraph of “The Call of Cthulhu,” which functions as about as perfect a Lovecraftian mission statement as you’ll find:

“The most merciful thing in the world, I think, is the inability of the human mind to correlate all its contents. We live on a placid island of ignorance in the midst of black seas of infinity, and it was not meant that we should voyage far. The sciences, each straining in its own direction, have hitherto harmed us little; but some day the piecing together of dissociated knowledge will open up such terrifying vistas of reality, and of our frightful position therein, that we shall either go mad from the revelation or flee from the deadly light into the peace and safety of a new dark age. (139)”

To be fair to Lovecraft, he was writing in the 1920s and 30s, and he died before the outbreak of WWII. He wrote during the post-WWI crisis of spirit and the more general collapse of faith in such prewar verities as the invariably positive nature of scientific and technological progress. His work shares the alienation and disillusion present in the critical mass of modernism, alongside its often desperate pursuit of meaning in arcana.³ His fascination with and nominal devotion to science, along with his militant atheism, coexisted with his figurations of occultism in a manner entirely consonant with the historical moment: science and technology shorn of utopianism by the horrors of the Western Front, seeming to hint at vaster horrors beyond human ken.

In that respect he was not wrong: the war he didn’t live to see ended in the unthinkable. The Holocaust and Hiroshima would seem to represent the “terrifying vistas of reality” warned of in the passage above and allegorized by such Old Gods as Cthulhu and his monstrous kin. But if those unthinkable events have shown us anything, it’s the basic flaw of Lovecraft’s premise: far from going “mad from the revelation” or fleeing “from the deadly light into the peace and safety of a new dark age,” humanity has demonstrated instead an apparently bottomless capacity to make the unthinkable thinkable. Indeed—with the benefit of time, self-rationalization, mythologization, and a massive dose of delusional euphemism—to render the unthinkable banal….

(3) OLD SCAM, NEWLY HATCHED. Victoria Strauss warns about “USA Pen Press: The Ghostwriting Scam of a Thousand Websites” at Writer Beware.

… Ghostwriting scams pose as publishing service providers. Like the similar similar-seeming publishing/marketing scams from the Philippines, they are based overseas, primarily in Pakistan and India, and offer menus of publishing and marketing services designed to attract writers looking to self-publish or to market their books.

Also like the Philippine scams, they frequently take writers’ money and run, or deliver substandard quality, or treat whatever package or service the writer initially buys as a gateway to the writer’s bank account, relentlessly pressuring them to hand over more cash….

… It didn’t take long on USA Pen Press’s website for me to identify it as a ghostwriting scam. Many of the typical markers are there: the prominent advertising of ghostwriting services, of course, but also an array of trad-pubbed book covers to falsely imply USA Pen Press had something to do with them, a header image (see above) with even more false references to famous writers, “testimonials” that all sound alike and in one case reference a different company, awkward English (“How Do the USA Pen Press Work on the Book Covers?” “What the process of Ghostwriting includes?”), and false claims (they say 10+ years in business but as of this writing, their web domain is just 119 days old)….

(4) IT WAS THE WORST OF TIMES. [Item by Steven French.] Another day, another piece on Dick and dystopias: “The PKD Dystopia” by Henry Farrell at Programmable Mutter.

This is not the dystopia we were promised. We are not learning to love Big Brother, who lives, if he lives at all, on a cluster of server farms, cooled by environmentally friendly technologies. Nor have we been lulled by Soma and subliminal brain programming into a hazy acquiescence to pervasive social hierarchies.

Dystopias tend toward fantasies of absolute control, in which the system sees all, knows all, and controls all. And our world is indeed one of ubiquitous surveillance. Phones and household devices produce trails of data, like particles in a cloud chamber, indicating our wants and behaviors to companies such as Facebook, Amazon, and Google. Yet the information thus produced is imperfect and classified by machine-learning algorithms that themselves make mistakes. The efforts of these businesses to manipulate our wants leads to further complexity. It is becoming ever harder for companies to distinguish the behavior which they want to analyze from their own and others’ manipulations.

This does not look like totalitarianism unless you squint very hard indeed. As the sociologist Kieran Healy has suggested, sweeping political critiques of new technology often bear a strong family resemblance to the arguments of Silicon Valley boosters. Both assume that the technology works as advertised, which is not necessarily true at all.

Standard utopias and standard dystopias are each perfect after their own particular fashion. We live somewhere queasier—a world in which technology is developing in ways that make it increasingly hard to distinguish human beings from artificial things. The world that the Internet and social media have created is less a system than an ecology, a proliferation of unexpected niches, and entities created and adapted to exploit them in deceptive ways. Vast commercial architectures are being colonized by quasi-autonomous parasites. Scammers have built algorithms to write fake books from scratch to sell on Amazon, compiling and modifying text from other books and online sources such as Wikipedia, to fool buyers or to take advantage of loopholes in Amazon’s compensation structure. Much of the world’s financial system is made out of bots—automated systems designed to continually probe markets for fleeting arbitrage opportunities. Less sophisticated programs plague online commerce systems such as eBay and Amazon, occasionally with extraordinary consequences, as when two warring bots bid the price of a biology book up to $23,698,655.93 (plus $3.99 shipping)….

(5) READING BINGO. If Reddit’s “OFFICIAL r/Fantasy 2024 Book Bingo Challenge!” ends up on the Hugo ballot, that will be because its creators are drumming up support in posts like this: “For Your Consideration: r/Fantasy’s 2024 Bingo Challenge is Eligible for a Hugo Nomination for Best Related Work”. Apparently, they’ve been doing these challenges for ten years. Everybody does eligibility posts now – and you might find the challenge an item of interest in its own right.

(6) ROBERT BLOCH RARITIES. Here’s “What’s New at the Robert Bloch Official Website.

  • Read the first two pages of an operatic Libretto Bloch wrote for Gaston Leroux’s novel, The Phantom of the Opera.
  • IN 1980, Bloch penned a script for the pilot of a proposed weekly TV spinoff series of the (Stephen King) Salem’s Lot TV movie that recounted the further adventures of Ben Mears and Mark Petrie. Sadly, what we have is not the complete script (of 54 pages), rather a random sampling, the only pages available, captured during an auction of the script. Still, an interesting find!

(7) TODAY’S DAY. [Item by Daniel Dern.] Today in the UK is National Yorkshire Pudding Day. Learn more from the Yorkshire Post’s 2020 article “When is it, origins of the side dish, and the best Yorkshire Pudding recipe”. Note, the article includes a recipe.

Depending on who you ask, where you search, or how you feel about it, Yorkshire Pudding and popovers either are or aren’t the same thing, although they’re clearly related. Here’s some of those opinions (and more recipes):

(8) JAY SMITH OBITUARY. Costuming fan Jay Smith died January 27, 2025. The International Costumers Galley announced on Facebook:

Jay Smith was a costumer, attending conventions primarily in California, going back to Equicon. He was an actor and worked Renaissance Fairs and The Great Dickens Christmas Fair, where he was known for his portrayal of Father Christmas. He was beloved for his portrayal of the character for decades at many events.

At the link is a photo of Smith wearing a “Redesign of Superman” from Equicon 1985 by Civi Poth.

(9) MEMORY LANE.

[Written by Cat Eldridge.]

Buck Rogers serial (1939)

Eighty-six years ago, the Buck Rogers serial, produced by Universal Pictures, first was in the theaters. It starred Buster Crabbe (who had previously played the title character in two Flash Gordon serials and would return for a third.) Buster was sometimes billed as Larry Crabbe as well as you will note in the poster below. 

I don’t think I need to say that it’s based on the Buck Rogers character as y’all know that as created by Philip Francis Nowlan but for the sake of the few Filers who will nitpick if I don’t I will. 

It was directed by Ford Beebe was Saul A. Goodkind as written by Norman S. Hall, Ray Trampe and Dick Calkins. It would run for twelve chapters of roughly twenty minutes each. 

As I said Buck Roger was Larry “Buster” Crabbe with Constance Moore as Wilma Deering, and Jackie Moran as “Buddy” Wade, an original character who was based on the Sunday strip character Buddy Deering.

It had a really small budget and re-used film footage from the futuristic Thirties musical Just Imagine

In 1953, it was edited into the film Planet Outlaws and twelve years later it was edited again into Destination Saturn, and not to stop there, the late Seventies saw the latter release of the latter as Buck Rogers. All three were feature films. 

Not surprisingly, you can watch it online as it’s public domain — here is the first chapter

(10) COMICS SECTION.

(11) HOLD YOUR BREATH FOR A COUPLE OF MONTHS, PLEASE. Popular Science learns that in Poland a “Fire-breathing dragon sculpture not allowed to breathe fire”.

A famous dragon sculpture that spits out real fire is going to be a little less dramatic this month. The Wawel Dragon–or Smok Wawelski–in Krakow, Poland will have to hold its fiery breath so that authorities can see why it has been guzzling too much fuel lately.

Krzysztof Wojdowski, spokesman for Krakow’s road infrastructure office, told the Associated Press that officials will inspect the gas lines and pipes that feed the 19-feet metal dragon to look for ways to reduce energy bills. The sculpture is expected to begin to breathe fire again by March, pending the investigation….

(12) PWNING THE LIBS? The New York Times reports “E.V. Owners Don’t Pay Gas Taxes. So, Many States Are Charging Them Fees.” (Behind a paywall.)

Owners of electric cars in Vermont recently got a letter from the Department of Motor Vehicles with some bad news. Starting Jan. 1 they would have to pay $178 a year to register their cars, twice as much as owners of vehicles with internal combustion engines.

In imposing the higher fee, Vermont became the latest state to make people pay a premium for driving electric. At least 39 states charge such annual fees, including $50 in Hawaii and $200 in Texas, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. That’s up from no states a few years ago.

Now, as President Trump rolls back Biden administration measures to promote electric vehicles, Republicans in Congress are considering imposing a national fee to bolster the fund used to finance roads and bridges, a fund that is in dire shape.

The fees are an attempt to make up for declining revenue from gasoline taxes that electric cars, for obvious reasons, don’t pay. They’re an example of how governments are struggling to adjust to technological upheaval in the auto industry.

Environmentalists and consumer groups agree that electric vehicle owners should help pay for road maintenance and construction. But they worry that Republicans, who control Congress, would set the fee at extremely high levels to punish electric vehicle owners, who tend to be liberals…

And yet somehow not all owners of companies that make electric cars are liberals….

(13) THIS IS THE DROID YOU’RE LOOKING FOR. Cool. And really expensive. “RoboCop – ED-209 1/3 Scale Statue”. Price tag: $3,100.

Wikipedia explains:

The Enforcement Droid Series 209, or ED-209, is a fictional heavily armed robot that appears in the RoboCop franchise. It serves as a foil for RoboCop, as well as a source of comic relief due to its lack of intelligence and tendency towards clumsy malfunctions.

The sales pitch says:

Premium Collectibles Studio presents their ED-209 1/3 Scale Statue. Hailing from the sci-fi classic RoboCop, this piece stands nearly 35 inches tall. Featuring every rivet, plate, and movie-accurate feature of the iconic Enforcement Droid, the finish is in a slate gray and matte black. Included is a pedestal base with the OCP logo, making it a striking addition for any RoboCop fan.

(14) I NOW PRONOUNCE YOU. Ryan George does a hilarious Tolkien-themed “When Your Friend Won’t Admit He’s Wrong” bit which some might say is NSFW, though really just for the last couple seconds, and not even then if you work for Frederick’s of Hollywood….

(15) FANGS FOR THE MEMORIES. Once upon a time actor Jonathan Frid, Dark Shadows’ Barnabas Collins, appeared as a celebrity guest on What’s My Line – vampire dentures and all.

[Thanks to Andrew Porter, John King Tarpinian, Chris Barkley, Rich Lynch, John Hertz, Cat Eldridge, SF Concatenation’s Jonathan Cowie, Steven French, Kathy Sullivan, Teddy Harvia, and Mike Kennedy for some of these stories. Title credit belongs to File 770 contributing editor of the day John Hertz.]


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34 thoughts on “Pixel Scroll 2/2/25 Don Simpson And The Escaped Typos

  1. Meredith moment: John Crowley’s Little, Big is an absolute steal for $1.99 at some of the usual suspects.

  2. @Jim Janney
    I saw that and grabbed it. I hope it’s as good as I’ve heard.

  3. (1) Tell me about it. Back in the Last Millenium, it went through cycles: about 10 years of more sf than fantasy, followed by 10 years of the reverse. That all broke around 2001. In 2015, I spoke with Patrick Nielsen Hayden at Worldcon, and he told me that they were getting about 5 fantasy submissions to 1.5 mil-sf to 1 sf. Lousy time to be writing hard sf…
    (2) Writer: Don’t create the torment nexus. Company: “We’ve created the torment nexus you all read about”.
    (4) So what we’ve actually got is brokentopias, failing at overarching, and becoming a sea of sludgetopia.
    (8) That’s… um, a redesign of Superman’s outfit. I don’t think DC is adult enough (or their fans aren’t) to be ready for that…
    Memory Lane: that’s it, we need help from Saturn!
    (12) So we’re safe – we just bought a new-to-us hybrid. EV owners, on the other hand… “pwning the libs”? Do you think that manufacturers of EVs, like manufacturers of any cars, care after they get the cash and it’s out the door?

  4. @mark
    (12) They do when they have to fix those cars after said cars hit potholes and other road hazards.

  5. Mark, a Consumer Reports survey last yea was a median survey family owned two vehicles which resulted in $935 a year in car repairs. Now your local repair shop gets those parts off, oh yes, the company that manufactured that car.

    So they continue to show revenue once that car leaves a lot at the manufacturer for the dealer that sells it to you or someone else. Year after year after year after year.

  6. (12)@P J Evans–Do the EV makers have to pay for fixing them, rather than leaving that cost to the owners?
    @mark–The EV makers may well care when sales crash.

    (11) I’m glad the dragon has agreed to cooperate.

    (1) Yes, fantasy is the basis of all literature. Every story is set in something that is not quite the real world.

    Today was a day 90% devoted to cooking Cider’s food for the week. I know this vital information that everyone wants for with bated breath.

  7. @Lis
    Parts come from somewhere, specialized parts come from the manufacturer, and at the moment, EV parts are harder to find.

  8. PJE: of course, you’re ignoring (as some heard in the “radio plays” of Secret Agent 86 (at the Worldcon bid parties for Philly in 1986), there’s the assassin driving a wingless Delta Dougless all-weather interceptor (modified for street use), who, when she’s not assassinating someone, uses the rockets to … create potholes.

  9. 2) And having an apparently bottomless capacity to make the unthinkable thinkable isn’t mad?

  10. @P J Evans–

    Parts come from somewhere, specialized parts come from the manufacturer, and at the moment, EV parts are harder to find.

    And the cost of the parts doesn’t get passed to the car owner? I’ve honestly never had a car repair where cost of parts wasn’t included in the final bill.

  11. (12) A more equitable tax would be based on a combination of miles driven and vehicle weight. Gasoline consumed used to be a reasonable proxy for this.

  12. (7) When my Beloved, a USian, first arrived in the U.K. we spent the weekend with some friends from Yorkshire who cooked and served YP in traditional style: roasted in dripping (a lot of dripping) in a big square pan and served as first course. My B was of course taken aback by this weird English custom of serving ‘pudding’ before the main course.

  13. (7) I haven’t had Yorkshire pudding in ages. Now to find some.

    (4) This reminds me – in one of Gerrold’s Chtorr books, he goes off on a Stephensonian tangent about lawyer-bots and the messes they create by generating lawsuit after lawsuit in pursuit of their preprogrammed goals.

  14. Lis Carey says slightly astonished I assumed: “ And the cost of the parts doesn’t get passed to the car owner? I’ve honestly never had a car repair where cost of parts wasn’t included in the final bill.”

    Of course they are. Just like Apple does when they fix an iPhone, or Compaq for desktop computers. Parts are a lucrative after sales profit area for companies. For any of these, the product past warranty is particularly valuable in those terms. On warranty, not at all all for companies like Apple; for auto companies yes as they sell their parts to the dealerships who are franchisees and obviously the independent repair shops.

    I pay $3.49 a month for each of my iPads. Why two? So I can stream video on one while doing something on the other, as I’ve epilepsy from the head trauma which means, in my case, video screens which make my nine year continuous headache worse from the severe head trauma that killed me repeatedly, and $3.99 for my iPhone which covers everything but I assume save an Asian baby elephant sitting on it. They’re so cute in the wild being bathed by their mother.

  15. (12) EVs are much heavily than standard ICE vehicles, so they actually cause more damage to road surfaces.

  16. In California they add $100 to our registration for an EV. I don’t think I drive that much so I may be contributing more to this fund than if I was using an ICE car.

  17. @Steve Green: That is misleading. Road wear is proportional to the fourth power of the vehicle weight. Almost all of the road wear is caused by trucks, which are taxed accordingly. EVs tend to be slightly heavier than corresponding ICE cars, due to the battery, but most of the weight is because all cars are heavier these days, mostly for safety reasons. Anyway, the difference is tiny compared to the weight of trucks. For all practical purposes, road damage is caused by trucks, not by cars.

  18. Mustn’t forget Daffy Duck as “DUCK DODGERS OF THE 24½th CENTURY!”, originally in the cartoon short of that name from 1953, and the longer cartoon “DUCK DODGERS AND THE RETURN OF THE 24½th CENTURY!” from 1980.

    (I put the titles in caps and added the “!” because Daffy always spoke his name in an exclamatory way.)

  19. (12) PWNING THE LIBS?

    New Zealand has a Road User Charge (which goes toward road maintenance), and it is built into the price of petrol in the form of a levy. For EV owners, you have to get a RUC license which is charged at $ per thousand km travelled.

    (You can get a RUC exemption if your vehicle isn’t used on roads, for example a farm tractor.)

  20. 7 and Steve French, One of the John Adam’s descendants (John Quincy? or a grandson? ) complained that dinner with the paterfamilias on Sunday invariably started with corn (maize to Brits) pudding in order to take the edge off of the appetite before getting to the (more expensive) roast. So, adapted to local conditions, this pudding-first custom evidently once was an American one too, that later fell into disuse.

  21. @Steve French: I can’t recall ever seeing maize on a British menu, though farmers here apparently grow it for silage to feed their stock.

  22. SteveG: right, they are heavier. Um, heavier than what? Tell me they’re heavier than, say, the giant monster Ford F-150, or the GM Silverado.

  23. Btw, folks, it’s not “merely” repairs to our vehicles(1), it’s also the revenue stream from the mechanics(2).

    Around 2000, I had a window fall down in my minivan. $160, and the belt was repaired. Five or six years later, newer minivan, same deal… and the mechanic said “yeah, you and I know it’s just the belt, but they made it a sealed unit, so I can’t just replace the belt, I have to replace the unit, including the motor. $360.
    In the early eighties, someone I knew, who was a mechanic specializing in transmissions for a Ford dealership in a small town in Virginia told me he was spending $3k-$4k a year, out of his money, because the dealership wouldn’t pay, for “special service tools” for the transmissions. Of course there was no reason for new ones every year,,, except the OEM modified them to improve their revenue stream.

  24. (14) I wonder if Ryan George has ever read “Bored of the Rings,” the Harvard Lampoon spoof of LoTR. (Possibly not; it came out in the 1970s.) Frodo was renamed Frito, but Bilbo was indeed… Dildo.

    I read “Bored of the Rings” before I read the Tolkien original, and it forever colored my, um, interpretation. I’d hear the former as a narrative, in my head, while trying to focus on Tolkien. Oops.

  25. Steve Green, Not surprising in British climate. But maize was for while the main grain grown even in New England, so they adapted pudding to what they had. (Now maize is of course mainly grown farther south in the US.)

  26. “Bored of the Rings” did get reprinted when the first Peter Jackson movie came out. I have a copy around the place somewhere.

  27. @Tom Becker
    California’s registration fees for cars are based on blue-book value. They drop over time, but the current minimum is somewhere over $100. (With fees and the like, I paid $169 last year for my 22-year-old car. Smog check was another $70 – that’s biennial.)

  28. Maize is certainly eaten in England and widely available – we just call it “sweetcorn”. In small amounts it turns up in salads, mixed vegetables, sandwich fillings or on pizza. It’s less common for it to be one of the main vegetables in a cooked meal, but it’s hardly unknown. Corn pudding I’ve never heard of but I suppose that polenta – if made with maize – might be similar.

  29. 12) The Times’ attempt to make fees/taxes associated with EVs into a partisan issue is laughable. And predictable. California created a pilot program for that purpose back in 2021. Oregon created a program back in 2015 for that purpose. The ostensible purpose was to gradually convert from a fuel-based tax to a mileage-based tax to account for the lack of fuel taxes paid by EV owners/drivers.

    Four states have active (but voluntary) mileage-based tax programs – Oregon, Utah, New York, and Virginia. Hawaii’s program is mandatory. These are not exactly bastions of Republican governance and they all pre-date the current administration.

    The Times is an evergreen source of media bias and journalistic malpractice.

    2) Mr. Lockett might consider that the alternative to dropping the nuclear bombs on Japan was millions of Japanese and Americans* dead in an effort to subdue the Japanese government. There was also the additional risk that protracted fighting would have given the Soviet Union the opportunity to invade parts of northern Japan and effectively divided the nation for communist political purposes.

    *I had friends that were at the surrender ceremony on the USS Missouri. They knew that the alternative was far worse.

    5) I’ve seen the book bingo challenges before, but I don’t participate enough on r/Fantasy to make a serious effort at them. They do appear entertaining.

    Regards,
    Dann
    If you want peace, you don’t talk to your friends. You talk to your enemies. – Desmond Tutu

  30. Dann665 wrote ” These are not exactly bastions of Republican governance”

    As a long-term resident of Utah, I can assure you that the only elections that matter are the Republican primaries.

  31. @ Jim Janney

    Well…when you say it like that, I sound completely foolish!

    More seriously. You are correct about Utah.

    That supports my basic assertion that mileage-based fees are a non-partisan issue despite the NYTimes’ editorial bent.

    Regards,
    Dann
    Freedom works…each and every time it is tried.

  32. @Paul King – In addition to sweet corn in various forms being a popular cooked vegetable, we Americans consume quite a bit of corn meal (coarsely ground corn flour). Corn bread and corn muffins are popular, as are corn based snack foods. Tamales and tortillas are available nationwide, no longer just in the states bordering on Mexico. Hominy grits and spoon bread are still mostly associated with the South but can be found elsewhere.

    My father put in a vegetable garden whenever he could. If there was space he’d have a couple of rows of sweet corn. Just enough for a couple of meals with home grown corn on the cob. He always had my mother have the big pot of water boiling before we went out to pick the ears. Pick, husk, desilk, and get them into the boiling water within minutes. It made for a messy meal with us holding the ears in our hands and biting corn kernels dripping with melted butter off the cobs, but it was delicious. Modern hybrid sweet corn holds its sugariness longer than the corn my father grew 50 or 60 years ago, but you still couldn’t beat it for freshness.

  33. Cornstarch has its uses in cooking, too, including as a thickener – especially when wheat flour is not an option.

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